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106. COMPOSITIONS, COATING R PLASTIC. Y

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

' J'OHN CHARLES EMHARDT, 0F WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, ASSIGNOR TO E. I. 15!! PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF DELA- WARE.

FIREPROOF-OIL COMPOSITION.

1,316,881. Specification of Letters Patent.

No Drawing. Application filed February 25, 1918. Serial No. 219,090.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN CHARLES EM- ,I-IARDT, of Wilmington, in the county of New Castle, and in the State of Delaware, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Fireproof-Oil Compositions, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates particularly to compositions designed for coating surfaces with films of various kinds, but especially compositions containing various drying oils and fireproofing constituents.

The object of my invention is to provide compositions of the above character which will effectively withstand ignition under the conditions to which they are subjected in actual practice.

A further object is to provide compositions of this character which are especially applicable for use in coating airplanes.

Particularly the object of my invention is to provide composltions of this nature which will prevent ignition of the airplane surfaces beneath coatings of such compositions, as for example when gasolene or other inflammable liquids are dropped upon the coated surfaces and ignited thereon. That is to say, the object of my invention is to provide such coating compositions which will protect the ,airplan es,-.coated thereby from ignition byTI'aZT'gT Ir quantity of burning gasolene on the coated surfaces than surfaces coated with previous coating compositions would withstand.

A further object is to provide compositions of this nature which are waterproof, have a low resistance to the air, and which provide the necessary lstrength and shrinkage after application but without danger of cracking in use.

Still another object of my invention is to provide fireproof substances for use in compositions of this character which will give off gases, as for example ammonia, or water, as in the case of the water of crystallization, or water of constitution, under the influence of heat, so as to form a protective blanket thereby to retard combustion and prevent the spread of fire.

Another object is to provide fireproofing substances of this kind which provide a liquid blanket or absorb heat due to physical or chemical changes therein when heated. A further object is to utilize substances of this character which have a low solubility in water.

Further objects of my invention will appear from the detailed description thereof Ammonium manganese phosphate, NH, MnPO,.H O,

Ammonium manganese arsenate, hinNI-I AsO .6H,O.

Other ammonium salts may be used for th1s purpose, if desired, or other salts adapted to give off such protective gases.

A coatmg composition which may be made in accordance with my invention and Wl'llCh is particularly adapted for coating the cloth covering airplanes may be the following:

35% by weight boiled linseed oil,

Patented. Sept. 23, 1919.

35% by weight ammonium magnesium phosphate,

by weight of a drier, such for example as cobalt linoleate,

29%;. by weight of turpentine or turpentine substitute.

It will be understood, however, that I may vary the proportions of these constituents through wide limits.

Furthermore, other drying foils may be used instead, if desired, such for example as poppypil. Also, I may add any proport1on of pigments, and oils as in the following example:

y weight boiled linseed oil,

155% by Weight poppy oil,

31% by Weight ammonium magnesium phosphate,

by Weight of a drier, such as cobalt linoleate,

by weight color pigment, such as zinc 0X1 34%% by Weight of turpentine or turpentine substitute.

The ammonium magnesium phosphate is insoluble in Water and When heated gives ofi' ammonia and Water of crystallization and constitution. The ammonia and Water of crystallization and constitution provide smothering gases. The Water absorbs heat due to the physical and chemical change in liberating the Water of crystallization and constitution. The liberation of the Water of crystallization and constitution absorbs heat and the vaporization of the Water thus liberated results also in the absorption of heat.

In order to provide compositions giving off other protective gases than ammonia, I may substitute for the ammonium compounds in the above compositions magnesium carbonate or calcium carbonate Which substances commence to give off carbon dioXid under the influence of heat at a temperature of about 575 C. Furthermore, ammonium phosphate, Which is above referred to, when used, not only gives off ammonia and Water of constitution, but provides a liquid blanket of phosphoric acid Which retards the fire.

While I have described my invention above in detail, I Wish it to be understood that many changes may be made therein Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim:

1. A composition containing a drying oil and more than about 30% of a Water-insoluble, fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off a firesmothering gas.

2. A composition containing a drying oil and more than about 30% of a water insoluble, fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off a fire-smothering gas containing ammonia.

3. A composition containing a drying oil and ammonium magnesium phosphate.

4:. A coating composition containing a drying oil and from about 30% to 35% of ammonium magnesium phosphate.

5. A coating composition comprising a mixture containing boiled linseed oil and more than about 30% of a fire-retarding constituent adapted to give off a fire-smothering gas containing ammonia.

6. A composition containing boiled linscfid oil and ammonium magnesium phosp ate.

7 A coating composition containing boiled linseed oil and from about 80% to 35% of ammonium magnesium phosphate.

In testimony thatlI claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

J OHN CHARLES EMHARDT.

Witnesses:

STANLEY L. ABRAMs, G. D. HOPKINS.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G. 

